UPDATE ON THE GLOBAL BURDEN OF ISCHAEMIC AND HAEMORRHAGIC STROKE IN 1990–2013: THE GBD 2013 STUDY
Identifieur interne : 002675 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 002674; suivant : 002676UPDATE ON THE GLOBAL BURDEN OF ISCHAEMIC AND HAEMORRHAGIC STROKE IN 1990–2013: THE GBD 2013 STUDY
Auteurs : Valery L. Feigin ; Rita Krishnamurthi ; Priya Parmar ; Bo Norrving ; George A. Mensah ; Derrick A. Bennett ; Suzanne Barker-Collo ; Andrew Moran ; Ralph L. Sacco ; Thomas Truelsen ; Stephen Davis ; Jeyaraj Durai Pandian ; Mohsen Naghavi ; Mohammad H. Forouzanfar ; Grant Nguyen ; Catherine O. Johnson ; Theo Vos ; Atte Meretoja ; Christopher Murray ; Gregory A. Roth ; Amanda Thrift ; Amitava Banerjee ; Andre Pascal Kengne ; Awoke Misganaw ; Brett M. Kissela ; Charles Wolfe ; Chuanhua Yu ; Craig Anderson ; Daniel Kim ; David Rojas-Rueda ; David Tanne ; David Lawrence Tirschwell ; Devina Nand ; Dhruv S. Kazi ; Farshad Pourmalek ; Ferrán Catalá-L Pez ; Foad Abd-Allah ; Fortuné Gankpé ; Gabrielle Deveber ; Geoffrey Donnan ; Graeme J. Hankey ; Hanne K. Christensen ; Ismael Campos-Nonato ; Ivy Shiue ; Jefferson G. Fernandes ; Jost B. Jonas ; Kevin Sheth ; Yunjin Kim ; Klara Dokova ; Konstantinos Stroumpoulis ; Luciano A. Sposato ; Maria Cecilia Bahit ; Johanna M. Geleijnse ; Mark T. Mackay ; Man Mohan Mehndiratta ; Matthias Endres ; Maurice Giroud ; Michael Brainin ; Michael Kravchenko ; Michael Piradov ; Michael Soljak ; Ming Liu ; Myles Connor ; Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian ; Natan Bornstein ; Nikolay Shamalov ; Nobhojit Roy ; Norberto Cabral ; Norman J. Beauchamp ; Pablo M. Lavados ; Panniyammakal Jeemon ; Paulo A. Lotufo ; Rajiv Chowdhury ; Ramesh Sahathevan ; Randah R. Hamadeh ; Reza Malekzadeh ; Richard Gillium ; Ronny Westerman ; Rufus Olusola Akinyemi ; Rustam Al-Shahi Salman ; Samath D. Dharmaratne ; Sanjay Basu ; Semaw Ferede Abera ; Soewarta Kosen ; Uchechukwu K. A. Sampson ; Valeria Caso ; Vasiliy Vlassov ; Yohannes Adama Melaku ; Yoshiohiro Kokubo ; Yukito Shinohara ; Yuri Varakin ; Wenzhi WangSource :
- Neuroepidemiology [ 0251-5350 ] ; 2015.
Abstract
Global stroke epidemiology is changing rapidly. Although age-standardised rates of stroke mortality have decreased worldwide in the past two decades, the absolute numbers of people who have a stroke every year, live with the consequences of stroke, and die from their stroke are increasing. Regular updates on the current level of stroke burden are important for advancing our knowledge on stroke epidemiology and facilitate organization and planning of evidence-based stroke care.
To estimate incidence, prevalence, mortality, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and years lived with disability (YLDs), and their trends for ischaemic stroke (IS) and haemorrhagic stroke (HS) for 188 countries from 1990–2013.
Stroke incidence, prevalence, mortality, DALYs and YLDs were estimated using all available data on mortality and stroke incidence, prevalence and excess mortality. Statistical models and country-level covariate data were employed and all rates were age-standardised to a global population. All estimated were produced with 95% uncertainty intervals (UI).
In 2013, there were globally almost 25.7 million stroke survivors (71% with IS), 6.5 million deaths from stroke (51% died from IS), 113 million DALYs due to stroke (58% due to IS), and 10.3 million new strokes (67% IS). Over the 1990–2013 period, there was a significant increase in the absolute number of DALYs due to IS, and of deaths from IS and HS, survivors and incident events for both IS and HS. The preponderance of the burden of stroke continued to reside in developing countries, comprising 75.2% of deaths from stroke and 81.0% of stroke-related DALYs. Globally, the proportional contribution of stroke-related DALYs and deaths due to stroke compared to all diseases increased from 1990 (3.54% [95% UI 3.11–4.00%] and 9.66% [95% UI 8.47–10.70%]) to 2013 (4.62% [95% UI 4.01–5.30%] and 11.75% [95% UI 10.45–13.31%], respectively), but there was a diverging trend in developed and developing countries with a significant increase in DALYs and deaths in developing countries, and no measurable change in the proportional contribution of DALYs and deaths from stroke in developed countries.
Global stroke burden continues to increase globally. More efficient stroke prevention and management strategies are urgently needed to halt and eventually reverse the stroke pandemic, while universal access to organized stroke services should be a priority.
Url:
DOI: 10.1159/000441085
PubMed: 26505981
PubMed Central: 4633282
Affiliations:
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Dharmaratne</name></author><author><name sortKey="Basu, Sanjay" sort="Basu, Sanjay" uniqKey="Basu S" first="Sanjay" last="Basu">Sanjay Basu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Abera, Semaw Ferede" sort="Abera, Semaw Ferede" uniqKey="Abera S" first="Semaw Ferede" last="Abera">Semaw Ferede Abera</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kosen, Soewarta" sort="Kosen, Soewarta" uniqKey="Kosen S" first="Soewarta" last="Kosen">Soewarta Kosen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sampson, Uchechukwu K A" sort="Sampson, Uchechukwu K A" uniqKey="Sampson U" first="Uchechukwu K. A." last="Sampson">Uchechukwu K. A. Sampson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Caso, Valeria" sort="Caso, Valeria" uniqKey="Caso V" first="Valeria" last="Caso">Valeria Caso</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vlassov, Vasiliy" sort="Vlassov, Vasiliy" uniqKey="Vlassov V" first="Vasiliy" last="Vlassov">Vasiliy Vlassov</name></author><author><name sortKey="Melaku, Yohannes Adama" sort="Melaku, Yohannes Adama" uniqKey="Melaku Y" first="Yohannes Adama" last="Melaku">Yohannes Adama Melaku</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kokubo, Yoshiohiro" sort="Kokubo, Yoshiohiro" uniqKey="Kokubo Y" first="Yoshiohiro" last="Kokubo">Yoshiohiro Kokubo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shinohara, Yukito" sort="Shinohara, Yukito" uniqKey="Shinohara Y" first="Yukito" last="Shinohara">Yukito Shinohara</name></author><author><name sortKey="Varakin, Yuri" sort="Varakin, Yuri" uniqKey="Varakin Y" first="Yuri" last="Varakin">Yuri Varakin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Wenzhi" sort="Wang, Wenzhi" uniqKey="Wang W" first="Wenzhi" last="Wang">Wenzhi Wang</name></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">26505981</idno><idno type="pmc">4633282</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4633282</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:4633282</idno><idno type="doi">10.1159/000441085</idno><date when="2015">2015</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">002016</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">002016</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">001E70</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">001E70</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000C57</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000C57</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">002C76</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">002C76</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">002C76</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">0251-5350:2015:Feigin V:update:on:the</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">002675</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">002675</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">002675</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">UPDATE ON THE GLOBAL BURDEN OF ISCHAEMIC AND HAEMORRHAGIC STROKE IN 1990–2013: THE GBD 2013 STUDY</title><author><name sortKey="Feigin, Valery L" sort="Feigin, Valery L" uniqKey="Feigin V" first="Valery L." last="Feigin">Valery L. Feigin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Krishnamurthi, Rita" sort="Krishnamurthi, Rita" uniqKey="Krishnamurthi R" first="Rita" last="Krishnamurthi">Rita Krishnamurthi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Parmar, Priya" sort="Parmar, Priya" uniqKey="Parmar P" first="Priya" last="Parmar">Priya Parmar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Norrving, Bo" sort="Norrving, Bo" uniqKey="Norrving B" first="Bo" last="Norrving">Bo Norrving</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mensah, George A" sort="Mensah, George A" uniqKey="Mensah G" first="George A." last="Mensah">George A. Mensah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bennett, Derrick A" sort="Bennett, Derrick A" uniqKey="Bennett D" first="Derrick A." last="Bennett">Derrick A. Bennett</name></author><author><name sortKey="Barker Collo, Suzanne" sort="Barker Collo, Suzanne" uniqKey="Barker Collo S" first="Suzanne" last="Barker-Collo">Suzanne Barker-Collo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Moran, Andrew" sort="Moran, Andrew" uniqKey="Moran A" first="Andrew" last="Moran">Andrew Moran</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sacco, Ralph L" sort="Sacco, Ralph L" uniqKey="Sacco R" first="Ralph L." last="Sacco">Ralph L. Sacco</name></author><author><name sortKey="Truelsen, Thomas" sort="Truelsen, Thomas" uniqKey="Truelsen T" first="Thomas" last="Truelsen">Thomas Truelsen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Davis, Stephen" sort="Davis, Stephen" uniqKey="Davis S" first="Stephen" last="Davis">Stephen Davis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pandian, Jeyaraj Durai" sort="Pandian, Jeyaraj Durai" uniqKey="Pandian J" first="Jeyaraj Durai" last="Pandian">Jeyaraj Durai Pandian</name></author><author><name sortKey="Naghavi, Mohsen" sort="Naghavi, Mohsen" uniqKey="Naghavi M" first="Mohsen" last="Naghavi">Mohsen Naghavi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Forouzanfar, Mohammad H" sort="Forouzanfar, Mohammad H" uniqKey="Forouzanfar M" first="Mohammad H." last="Forouzanfar">Mohammad H. Forouzanfar</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nguyen, Grant" sort="Nguyen, Grant" uniqKey="Nguyen G" first="Grant" last="Nguyen">Grant Nguyen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Johnson, Catherine O" sort="Johnson, Catherine O" uniqKey="Johnson C" first="Catherine O." last="Johnson">Catherine O. Johnson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vos, Theo" sort="Vos, Theo" uniqKey="Vos T" first="Theo" last="Vos">Theo Vos</name></author><author><name sortKey="Meretoja, Atte" sort="Meretoja, Atte" uniqKey="Meretoja A" first="Atte" last="Meretoja">Atte Meretoja</name></author><author><name sortKey="Murray, Christopher" sort="Murray, Christopher" uniqKey="Murray C" first="Christopher" last="Murray">Christopher Murray</name></author><author><name sortKey="Roth, Gregory A" sort="Roth, Gregory A" uniqKey="Roth G" first="Gregory A." last="Roth">Gregory A. Roth</name></author><author><name sortKey="Thrift, Amanda" sort="Thrift, Amanda" uniqKey="Thrift A" first="Amanda" last="Thrift">Amanda Thrift</name></author><author><name sortKey="Banerjee, Amitava" sort="Banerjee, Amitava" uniqKey="Banerjee A" first="Amitava" last="Banerjee">Amitava Banerjee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kengne, Andre Pascal" sort="Kengne, Andre Pascal" uniqKey="Kengne A" first="Andre Pascal" last="Kengne">Andre Pascal Kengne</name></author><author><name sortKey="Misganaw, Awoke" sort="Misganaw, Awoke" uniqKey="Misganaw A" first="Awoke" last="Misganaw">Awoke Misganaw</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kissela, Brett M" sort="Kissela, Brett M" uniqKey="Kissela B" first="Brett M." last="Kissela">Brett M. Kissela</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wolfe, Charles" sort="Wolfe, Charles" uniqKey="Wolfe C" first="Charles" last="Wolfe">Charles Wolfe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yu, Chuanhua" sort="Yu, Chuanhua" uniqKey="Yu C" first="Chuanhua" last="Yu">Chuanhua Yu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Anderson, Craig" sort="Anderson, Craig" uniqKey="Anderson C" first="Craig" last="Anderson">Craig Anderson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Daniel" sort="Kim, Daniel" uniqKey="Kim D" first="Daniel" last="Kim">Daniel Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rojas Rueda, David" sort="Rojas Rueda, David" uniqKey="Rojas Rueda D" first="David" last="Rojas-Rueda">David Rojas-Rueda</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tanne, David" sort="Tanne, David" uniqKey="Tanne D" first="David" last="Tanne">David Tanne</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tirschwell, David Lawrence" sort="Tirschwell, David Lawrence" uniqKey="Tirschwell D" first="David Lawrence" last="Tirschwell">David Lawrence Tirschwell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nand, Devina" sort="Nand, Devina" uniqKey="Nand D" first="Devina" last="Nand">Devina Nand</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kazi, Dhruv S" sort="Kazi, Dhruv S" uniqKey="Kazi D" first="Dhruv S." last="Kazi">Dhruv S. Kazi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pourmalek, Farshad" sort="Pourmalek, Farshad" uniqKey="Pourmalek F" first="Farshad" last="Pourmalek">Farshad Pourmalek</name></author><author><name sortKey="Catala L Pez, Ferran" sort="Catala L Pez, Ferran" uniqKey="Catala L Pez F" first="Ferrán" last="Catalá-L Pez">Ferrán Catalá-L Pez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Abd Allah, Foad" sort="Abd Allah, Foad" uniqKey="Abd Allah F" first="Foad" last="Abd-Allah">Foad Abd-Allah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gankpe, Fortune" sort="Gankpe, Fortune" uniqKey="Gankpe F" first="Fortuné" last="Gankpé">Fortuné Gankpé</name></author><author><name sortKey="Deveber, Gabrielle" sort="Deveber, Gabrielle" uniqKey="Deveber G" first="Gabrielle" last="Deveber">Gabrielle Deveber</name></author><author><name sortKey="Donnan, Geoffrey" sort="Donnan, Geoffrey" uniqKey="Donnan G" first="Geoffrey" last="Donnan">Geoffrey Donnan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hankey, Graeme J" sort="Hankey, Graeme J" uniqKey="Hankey G" first="Graeme J." last="Hankey">Graeme J. Hankey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Christensen, Hanne K" sort="Christensen, Hanne K" uniqKey="Christensen H" first="Hanne K." last="Christensen">Hanne K. Christensen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Campos Nonato, Ismael" sort="Campos Nonato, Ismael" uniqKey="Campos Nonato I" first="Ismael" last="Campos-Nonato">Ismael Campos-Nonato</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shiue, Ivy" sort="Shiue, Ivy" uniqKey="Shiue I" first="Ivy" last="Shiue">Ivy Shiue</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fernandes, Jefferson G" sort="Fernandes, Jefferson G" uniqKey="Fernandes J" first="Jefferson G." last="Fernandes">Jefferson G. Fernandes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jonas, Jost B" sort="Jonas, Jost B" uniqKey="Jonas J" first="Jost B." last="Jonas">Jost B. Jonas</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sheth, Kevin" sort="Sheth, Kevin" uniqKey="Sheth K" first="Kevin" last="Sheth">Kevin Sheth</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kim, Yunjin" sort="Kim, Yunjin" uniqKey="Kim Y" first="Yunjin" last="Kim">Yunjin Kim</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dokova, Klara" sort="Dokova, Klara" uniqKey="Dokova K" first="Klara" last="Dokova">Klara Dokova</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stroumpoulis, Konstantinos" sort="Stroumpoulis, Konstantinos" uniqKey="Stroumpoulis K" first="Konstantinos" last="Stroumpoulis">Konstantinos Stroumpoulis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sposato, Luciano A" sort="Sposato, Luciano A" uniqKey="Sposato L" first="Luciano A." last="Sposato">Luciano A. Sposato</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bahit, Maria Cecilia" sort="Bahit, Maria Cecilia" uniqKey="Bahit M" first="Maria Cecilia" last="Bahit">Maria Cecilia Bahit</name></author><author><name sortKey="Geleijnse, Johanna M" sort="Geleijnse, Johanna M" uniqKey="Geleijnse J" first="Johanna M." last="Geleijnse">Johanna M. Geleijnse</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mackay, Mark T" sort="Mackay, Mark T" uniqKey="Mackay M" first="Mark T." last="Mackay">Mark T. Mackay</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mehndiratta, Man Mohan" sort="Mehndiratta, Man Mohan" uniqKey="Mehndiratta M" first="Man Mohan" last="Mehndiratta">Man Mohan Mehndiratta</name></author><author><name sortKey="Endres, Matthias" sort="Endres, Matthias" uniqKey="Endres M" first="Matthias" last="Endres">Matthias Endres</name></author><author><name sortKey="Giroud, Maurice" sort="Giroud, Maurice" uniqKey="Giroud M" first="Maurice" last="Giroud">Maurice Giroud</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brainin, Michael" sort="Brainin, Michael" uniqKey="Brainin M" first="Michael" last="Brainin">Michael Brainin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kravchenko, Michael" sort="Kravchenko, Michael" uniqKey="Kravchenko M" first="Michael" last="Kravchenko">Michael Kravchenko</name></author><author><name sortKey="Piradov, Michael" sort="Piradov, Michael" uniqKey="Piradov M" first="Michael" last="Piradov">Michael Piradov</name></author><author><name sortKey="Soljak, Michael" sort="Soljak, Michael" uniqKey="Soljak M" first="Michael" last="Soljak">Michael Soljak</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Ming" sort="Liu, Ming" uniqKey="Liu M" first="Ming" last="Liu">Ming Liu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Connor, Myles" sort="Connor, Myles" uniqKey="Connor M" first="Myles" last="Connor">Myles Connor</name></author><author><name sortKey="Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy" sort="Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy" uniqKey="Venketasubramanian N" first="Narayanaswamy" last="Venketasubramanian">Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bornstein, Natan" sort="Bornstein, Natan" uniqKey="Bornstein N" first="Natan" last="Bornstein">Natan Bornstein</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shamalov, Nikolay" sort="Shamalov, Nikolay" uniqKey="Shamalov N" first="Nikolay" last="Shamalov">Nikolay Shamalov</name></author><author><name sortKey="Roy, Nobhojit" sort="Roy, Nobhojit" uniqKey="Roy N" first="Nobhojit" last="Roy">Nobhojit Roy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cabral, Norberto" sort="Cabral, Norberto" uniqKey="Cabral N" first="Norberto" last="Cabral">Norberto Cabral</name></author><author><name sortKey="Beauchamp, Norman J" sort="Beauchamp, Norman J" uniqKey="Beauchamp N" first="Norman J." last="Beauchamp">Norman J. Beauchamp</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lavados, Pablo M" sort="Lavados, Pablo M" uniqKey="Lavados P" first="Pablo M." last="Lavados">Pablo M. Lavados</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jeemon, Panniyammakal" sort="Jeemon, Panniyammakal" uniqKey="Jeemon P" first="Panniyammakal" last="Jeemon">Panniyammakal Jeemon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lotufo, Paulo A" sort="Lotufo, Paulo A" uniqKey="Lotufo P" first="Paulo A." last="Lotufo">Paulo A. Lotufo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chowdhury, Rajiv" sort="Chowdhury, Rajiv" uniqKey="Chowdhury R" first="Rajiv" last="Chowdhury">Rajiv Chowdhury</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sahathevan, Ramesh" sort="Sahathevan, Ramesh" uniqKey="Sahathevan R" first="Ramesh" last="Sahathevan">Ramesh Sahathevan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hamadeh, Randah R" sort="Hamadeh, Randah R" uniqKey="Hamadeh R" first="Randah R." last="Hamadeh">Randah R. Hamadeh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Malekzadeh, Reza" sort="Malekzadeh, Reza" uniqKey="Malekzadeh R" first="Reza" last="Malekzadeh">Reza Malekzadeh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gillium, Richard" sort="Gillium, Richard" uniqKey="Gillium R" first="Richard" last="Gillium">Richard Gillium</name></author><author><name sortKey="Westerman, Ronny" sort="Westerman, Ronny" uniqKey="Westerman R" first="Ronny" last="Westerman">Ronny Westerman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola" sort="Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola" uniqKey="Akinyemi R" first="Rufus Olusola" last="Akinyemi">Rufus Olusola Akinyemi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Salman, Rustam Al Shahi" sort="Salman, Rustam Al Shahi" uniqKey="Salman R" first="Rustam Al-Shahi" last="Salman">Rustam Al-Shahi Salman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dharmaratne, Samath D" sort="Dharmaratne, Samath D" uniqKey="Dharmaratne S" first="Samath D." last="Dharmaratne">Samath D. Dharmaratne</name></author><author><name sortKey="Basu, Sanjay" sort="Basu, Sanjay" uniqKey="Basu S" first="Sanjay" last="Basu">Sanjay Basu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Abera, Semaw Ferede" sort="Abera, Semaw Ferede" uniqKey="Abera S" first="Semaw Ferede" last="Abera">Semaw Ferede Abera</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kosen, Soewarta" sort="Kosen, Soewarta" uniqKey="Kosen S" first="Soewarta" last="Kosen">Soewarta Kosen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sampson, Uchechukwu K A" sort="Sampson, Uchechukwu K A" uniqKey="Sampson U" first="Uchechukwu K. A." last="Sampson">Uchechukwu K. A. Sampson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Caso, Valeria" sort="Caso, Valeria" uniqKey="Caso V" first="Valeria" last="Caso">Valeria Caso</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vlassov, Vasiliy" sort="Vlassov, Vasiliy" uniqKey="Vlassov V" first="Vasiliy" last="Vlassov">Vasiliy Vlassov</name></author><author><name sortKey="Melaku, Yohannes Adama" sort="Melaku, Yohannes Adama" uniqKey="Melaku Y" first="Yohannes Adama" last="Melaku">Yohannes Adama Melaku</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kokubo, Yoshiohiro" sort="Kokubo, Yoshiohiro" uniqKey="Kokubo Y" first="Yoshiohiro" last="Kokubo">Yoshiohiro Kokubo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shinohara, Yukito" sort="Shinohara, Yukito" uniqKey="Shinohara Y" first="Yukito" last="Shinohara">Yukito Shinohara</name></author><author><name sortKey="Varakin, Yuri" sort="Varakin, Yuri" uniqKey="Varakin Y" first="Yuri" last="Varakin">Yuri Varakin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Wenzhi" sort="Wang, Wenzhi" uniqKey="Wang W" first="Wenzhi" last="Wang">Wenzhi Wang</name></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Neuroepidemiology</title><idno type="ISSN">0251-5350</idno><idno type="eISSN">1423-0208</idno><imprint><date when="2015">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="S1"><title>Background</title><p id="P1">Global stroke epidemiology is changing rapidly. Although age-standardised rates of stroke mortality have decreased worldwide in the past two decades, the absolute numbers of people who have a stroke every year, live with the consequences of stroke, and die from their stroke are increasing. Regular updates on the current level of stroke burden are important for advancing our knowledge on stroke epidemiology and facilitate organization and planning of evidence-based stroke care.</p></sec><sec id="S2"><title>Objectives</title><p id="P2">To estimate incidence, prevalence, mortality, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and years lived with disability (YLDs), and their trends for ischaemic stroke (IS) and haemorrhagic stroke (HS) for 188 countries from 1990–2013.</p></sec><sec id="S3"><title>Methodology</title><p id="P3">Stroke incidence, prevalence, mortality, DALYs and YLDs were estimated using all available data on mortality and stroke incidence, prevalence and excess mortality. Statistical models and country-level covariate data were employed and all rates were age-standardised to a global population. All estimated were produced with 95% uncertainty intervals (UI).</p></sec><sec id="S4"><title>Results</title><p id="P4">In 2013, there were globally almost 25.7 million stroke survivors (71% with IS), 6.5 million deaths from stroke (51% died from IS), 113 million DALYs due to stroke (58% due to IS), and 10.3 million new strokes (67% IS). Over the 1990–2013 period, there was a significant increase in the absolute number of DALYs due to IS, and of deaths from IS and HS, survivors and incident events for both IS and HS. The preponderance of the burden of stroke continued to reside in developing countries, comprising 75.2% of deaths from stroke and 81.0% of stroke-related DALYs. Globally, the proportional contribution of stroke-related DALYs and deaths due to stroke compared to all diseases increased from 1990 (3.54% [95% UI 3.11–4.00%] and 9.66% [95% UI 8.47–10.70%]) to 2013 (4.62% [95% UI 4.01–5.30%] and 11.75% [95% UI 10.45–13.31%], respectively), but there was a diverging trend in developed and developing countries with a significant increase in DALYs and deaths in developing countries, and no measurable change in the proportional contribution of DALYs and deaths from stroke in developed countries.</p></sec><sec id="S5"><title>Conclusion</title><p id="P5">Global stroke burden continues to increase globally. More efficient stroke prevention and management strategies are urgently needed to halt and eventually reverse the stroke pandemic, while universal access to organized stroke services should be a priority.</p></sec></div></front></TEI><affiliations><list></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Abd Allah, Foad" sort="Abd Allah, Foad" uniqKey="Abd Allah F" first="Foad" last="Abd-Allah">Foad Abd-Allah</name><name sortKey="Abera, Semaw Ferede" sort="Abera, Semaw Ferede" uniqKey="Abera S" first="Semaw Ferede" last="Abera">Semaw Ferede Abera</name><name sortKey="Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola" sort="Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola" uniqKey="Akinyemi R" first="Rufus Olusola" last="Akinyemi">Rufus Olusola Akinyemi</name><name sortKey="Anderson, Craig" sort="Anderson, Craig" uniqKey="Anderson C" first="Craig" last="Anderson">Craig Anderson</name><name sortKey="Bahit, Maria Cecilia" sort="Bahit, Maria Cecilia" uniqKey="Bahit M" first="Maria Cecilia" last="Bahit">Maria Cecilia Bahit</name><name sortKey="Banerjee, Amitava" sort="Banerjee, Amitava" uniqKey="Banerjee A" first="Amitava" last="Banerjee">Amitava Banerjee</name><name sortKey="Barker Collo, Suzanne" sort="Barker Collo, Suzanne" uniqKey="Barker Collo S" first="Suzanne" last="Barker-Collo">Suzanne Barker-Collo</name><name sortKey="Basu, Sanjay" sort="Basu, Sanjay" uniqKey="Basu S" first="Sanjay" last="Basu">Sanjay Basu</name><name sortKey="Beauchamp, Norman J" sort="Beauchamp, Norman J" uniqKey="Beauchamp N" first="Norman J." last="Beauchamp">Norman J. Beauchamp</name><name sortKey="Bennett, Derrick A" sort="Bennett, Derrick A" uniqKey="Bennett D" first="Derrick A." last="Bennett">Derrick A. Bennett</name><name sortKey="Bornstein, Natan" sort="Bornstein, Natan" uniqKey="Bornstein N" first="Natan" last="Bornstein">Natan Bornstein</name><name sortKey="Brainin, Michael" sort="Brainin, Michael" uniqKey="Brainin M" first="Michael" last="Brainin">Michael Brainin</name><name sortKey="Cabral, Norberto" sort="Cabral, Norberto" uniqKey="Cabral N" first="Norberto" last="Cabral">Norberto Cabral</name><name sortKey="Campos Nonato, Ismael" sort="Campos Nonato, Ismael" uniqKey="Campos Nonato I" first="Ismael" last="Campos-Nonato">Ismael Campos-Nonato</name><name sortKey="Caso, Valeria" sort="Caso, Valeria" uniqKey="Caso V" first="Valeria" last="Caso">Valeria Caso</name><name sortKey="Catala L Pez, Ferran" sort="Catala L Pez, Ferran" uniqKey="Catala L Pez F" first="Ferrán" last="Catalá-L Pez">Ferrán Catalá-L Pez</name><name sortKey="Chowdhury, Rajiv" sort="Chowdhury, Rajiv" uniqKey="Chowdhury R" first="Rajiv" last="Chowdhury">Rajiv Chowdhury</name><name sortKey="Christensen, Hanne K" sort="Christensen, Hanne K" uniqKey="Christensen H" first="Hanne K." last="Christensen">Hanne K. Christensen</name><name sortKey="Connor, Myles" sort="Connor, Myles" uniqKey="Connor M" first="Myles" last="Connor">Myles Connor</name><name sortKey="Davis, Stephen" sort="Davis, Stephen" uniqKey="Davis S" first="Stephen" last="Davis">Stephen Davis</name><name sortKey="Deveber, Gabrielle" sort="Deveber, Gabrielle" uniqKey="Deveber G" first="Gabrielle" last="Deveber">Gabrielle Deveber</name><name sortKey="Dharmaratne, Samath D" sort="Dharmaratne, Samath D" uniqKey="Dharmaratne S" first="Samath D." last="Dharmaratne">Samath D. Dharmaratne</name><name sortKey="Dokova, Klara" sort="Dokova, Klara" uniqKey="Dokova K" first="Klara" last="Dokova">Klara Dokova</name><name sortKey="Donnan, Geoffrey" sort="Donnan, Geoffrey" uniqKey="Donnan G" first="Geoffrey" last="Donnan">Geoffrey Donnan</name><name sortKey="Endres, Matthias" sort="Endres, Matthias" uniqKey="Endres M" first="Matthias" last="Endres">Matthias Endres</name><name sortKey="Feigin, Valery L" sort="Feigin, Valery L" uniqKey="Feigin V" first="Valery L." last="Feigin">Valery L. Feigin</name><name sortKey="Fernandes, Jefferson G" sort="Fernandes, Jefferson G" uniqKey="Fernandes J" first="Jefferson G." last="Fernandes">Jefferson G. Fernandes</name><name sortKey="Forouzanfar, Mohammad H" sort="Forouzanfar, Mohammad H" uniqKey="Forouzanfar M" first="Mohammad H." last="Forouzanfar">Mohammad H. Forouzanfar</name><name sortKey="Gankpe, Fortune" sort="Gankpe, Fortune" uniqKey="Gankpe F" first="Fortuné" last="Gankpé">Fortuné Gankpé</name><name sortKey="Geleijnse, Johanna M" sort="Geleijnse, Johanna M" uniqKey="Geleijnse J" first="Johanna M." last="Geleijnse">Johanna M. Geleijnse</name><name sortKey="Gillium, Richard" sort="Gillium, Richard" uniqKey="Gillium R" first="Richard" last="Gillium">Richard Gillium</name><name sortKey="Giroud, Maurice" sort="Giroud, Maurice" uniqKey="Giroud M" first="Maurice" last="Giroud">Maurice Giroud</name><name sortKey="Hamadeh, Randah R" sort="Hamadeh, Randah R" uniqKey="Hamadeh R" first="Randah R." last="Hamadeh">Randah R. Hamadeh</name><name sortKey="Hankey, Graeme J" sort="Hankey, Graeme J" uniqKey="Hankey G" first="Graeme J." last="Hankey">Graeme J. Hankey</name><name sortKey="Jeemon, Panniyammakal" sort="Jeemon, Panniyammakal" uniqKey="Jeemon P" first="Panniyammakal" last="Jeemon">Panniyammakal Jeemon</name><name sortKey="Johnson, Catherine O" sort="Johnson, Catherine O" uniqKey="Johnson C" first="Catherine O." last="Johnson">Catherine O. Johnson</name><name sortKey="Jonas, Jost B" sort="Jonas, Jost B" uniqKey="Jonas J" first="Jost B." last="Jonas">Jost B. Jonas</name><name sortKey="Kazi, Dhruv S" sort="Kazi, Dhruv S" uniqKey="Kazi D" first="Dhruv S." last="Kazi">Dhruv S. Kazi</name><name sortKey="Kengne, Andre Pascal" sort="Kengne, Andre Pascal" uniqKey="Kengne A" first="Andre Pascal" last="Kengne">Andre Pascal Kengne</name><name sortKey="Kim, Daniel" sort="Kim, Daniel" uniqKey="Kim D" first="Daniel" last="Kim">Daniel Kim</name><name sortKey="Kim, Yunjin" sort="Kim, Yunjin" uniqKey="Kim Y" first="Yunjin" last="Kim">Yunjin Kim</name><name sortKey="Kissela, Brett M" sort="Kissela, Brett M" uniqKey="Kissela B" first="Brett M." last="Kissela">Brett M. Kissela</name><name sortKey="Kokubo, Yoshiohiro" sort="Kokubo, Yoshiohiro" uniqKey="Kokubo Y" first="Yoshiohiro" last="Kokubo">Yoshiohiro Kokubo</name><name sortKey="Kosen, Soewarta" sort="Kosen, Soewarta" uniqKey="Kosen S" first="Soewarta" last="Kosen">Soewarta Kosen</name><name sortKey="Kravchenko, Michael" sort="Kravchenko, Michael" uniqKey="Kravchenko M" first="Michael" last="Kravchenko">Michael Kravchenko</name><name sortKey="Krishnamurthi, Rita" sort="Krishnamurthi, Rita" uniqKey="Krishnamurthi R" first="Rita" last="Krishnamurthi">Rita Krishnamurthi</name><name sortKey="Lavados, Pablo M" sort="Lavados, Pablo M" uniqKey="Lavados P" first="Pablo M." last="Lavados">Pablo M. Lavados</name><name sortKey="Liu, Ming" sort="Liu, Ming" uniqKey="Liu M" first="Ming" last="Liu">Ming Liu</name><name sortKey="Lotufo, Paulo A" sort="Lotufo, Paulo A" uniqKey="Lotufo P" first="Paulo A." last="Lotufo">Paulo A. Lotufo</name><name sortKey="Mackay, Mark T" sort="Mackay, Mark T" uniqKey="Mackay M" first="Mark T." last="Mackay">Mark T. Mackay</name><name sortKey="Malekzadeh, Reza" sort="Malekzadeh, Reza" uniqKey="Malekzadeh R" first="Reza" last="Malekzadeh">Reza Malekzadeh</name><name sortKey="Mehndiratta, Man Mohan" sort="Mehndiratta, Man Mohan" uniqKey="Mehndiratta M" first="Man Mohan" last="Mehndiratta">Man Mohan Mehndiratta</name><name sortKey="Melaku, Yohannes Adama" sort="Melaku, Yohannes Adama" uniqKey="Melaku Y" first="Yohannes Adama" last="Melaku">Yohannes Adama Melaku</name><name sortKey="Mensah, George A" sort="Mensah, George A" uniqKey="Mensah G" first="George A." last="Mensah">George A. Mensah</name><name sortKey="Meretoja, Atte" sort="Meretoja, Atte" uniqKey="Meretoja A" first="Atte" last="Meretoja">Atte Meretoja</name><name sortKey="Misganaw, Awoke" sort="Misganaw, Awoke" uniqKey="Misganaw A" first="Awoke" last="Misganaw">Awoke Misganaw</name><name sortKey="Moran, Andrew" sort="Moran, Andrew" uniqKey="Moran A" first="Andrew" last="Moran">Andrew Moran</name><name sortKey="Murray, Christopher" sort="Murray, Christopher" uniqKey="Murray C" first="Christopher" last="Murray">Christopher Murray</name><name sortKey="Naghavi, Mohsen" sort="Naghavi, Mohsen" uniqKey="Naghavi M" first="Mohsen" last="Naghavi">Mohsen Naghavi</name><name sortKey="Nand, Devina" sort="Nand, Devina" uniqKey="Nand D" first="Devina" last="Nand">Devina Nand</name><name sortKey="Nguyen, Grant" sort="Nguyen, Grant" uniqKey="Nguyen G" first="Grant" last="Nguyen">Grant Nguyen</name><name sortKey="Norrving, Bo" sort="Norrving, Bo" uniqKey="Norrving B" first="Bo" last="Norrving">Bo Norrving</name><name sortKey="Pandian, Jeyaraj Durai" sort="Pandian, Jeyaraj Durai" uniqKey="Pandian J" first="Jeyaraj Durai" last="Pandian">Jeyaraj Durai Pandian</name><name sortKey="Parmar, Priya" sort="Parmar, Priya" uniqKey="Parmar P" first="Priya" last="Parmar">Priya Parmar</name><name sortKey="Piradov, Michael" sort="Piradov, Michael" uniqKey="Piradov M" first="Michael" last="Piradov">Michael Piradov</name><name sortKey="Pourmalek, Farshad" sort="Pourmalek, Farshad" uniqKey="Pourmalek F" first="Farshad" last="Pourmalek">Farshad Pourmalek</name><name sortKey="Rojas Rueda, David" sort="Rojas Rueda, David" uniqKey="Rojas Rueda D" first="David" last="Rojas-Rueda">David Rojas-Rueda</name><name sortKey="Roth, Gregory A" sort="Roth, Gregory A" uniqKey="Roth G" first="Gregory A." last="Roth">Gregory A. Roth</name><name sortKey="Roy, Nobhojit" sort="Roy, Nobhojit" uniqKey="Roy N" first="Nobhojit" last="Roy">Nobhojit Roy</name><name sortKey="Sacco, Ralph L" sort="Sacco, Ralph L" uniqKey="Sacco R" first="Ralph L." last="Sacco">Ralph L. Sacco</name><name sortKey="Sahathevan, Ramesh" sort="Sahathevan, Ramesh" uniqKey="Sahathevan R" first="Ramesh" last="Sahathevan">Ramesh Sahathevan</name><name sortKey="Salman, Rustam Al Shahi" sort="Salman, Rustam Al Shahi" uniqKey="Salman R" first="Rustam Al-Shahi" last="Salman">Rustam Al-Shahi Salman</name><name sortKey="Sampson, Uchechukwu K A" sort="Sampson, Uchechukwu K A" uniqKey="Sampson U" first="Uchechukwu K. A." last="Sampson">Uchechukwu K. A. Sampson</name><name sortKey="Shamalov, Nikolay" sort="Shamalov, Nikolay" uniqKey="Shamalov N" first="Nikolay" last="Shamalov">Nikolay Shamalov</name><name sortKey="Sheth, Kevin" sort="Sheth, Kevin" uniqKey="Sheth K" first="Kevin" last="Sheth">Kevin Sheth</name><name sortKey="Shinohara, Yukito" sort="Shinohara, Yukito" uniqKey="Shinohara Y" first="Yukito" last="Shinohara">Yukito Shinohara</name><name sortKey="Shiue, Ivy" sort="Shiue, Ivy" uniqKey="Shiue I" first="Ivy" last="Shiue">Ivy Shiue</name><name sortKey="Soljak, Michael" sort="Soljak, Michael" uniqKey="Soljak M" first="Michael" last="Soljak">Michael Soljak</name><name sortKey="Sposato, Luciano A" sort="Sposato, Luciano A" uniqKey="Sposato L" first="Luciano A." last="Sposato">Luciano A. Sposato</name><name sortKey="Stroumpoulis, Konstantinos" sort="Stroumpoulis, Konstantinos" uniqKey="Stroumpoulis K" first="Konstantinos" last="Stroumpoulis">Konstantinos Stroumpoulis</name><name sortKey="Tanne, David" sort="Tanne, David" uniqKey="Tanne D" first="David" last="Tanne">David Tanne</name><name sortKey="Thrift, Amanda" sort="Thrift, Amanda" uniqKey="Thrift A" first="Amanda" last="Thrift">Amanda Thrift</name><name sortKey="Tirschwell, David Lawrence" sort="Tirschwell, David Lawrence" uniqKey="Tirschwell D" first="David Lawrence" last="Tirschwell">David Lawrence Tirschwell</name><name sortKey="Truelsen, Thomas" sort="Truelsen, Thomas" uniqKey="Truelsen T" first="Thomas" last="Truelsen">Thomas Truelsen</name><name sortKey="Varakin, Yuri" sort="Varakin, Yuri" uniqKey="Varakin Y" first="Yuri" last="Varakin">Yuri Varakin</name><name sortKey="Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy" sort="Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy" uniqKey="Venketasubramanian N" first="Narayanaswamy" last="Venketasubramanian">Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian</name><name sortKey="Vlassov, Vasiliy" sort="Vlassov, Vasiliy" uniqKey="Vlassov V" first="Vasiliy" last="Vlassov">Vasiliy Vlassov</name><name sortKey="Vos, Theo" sort="Vos, Theo" uniqKey="Vos T" first="Theo" last="Vos">Theo Vos</name><name sortKey="Wang, Wenzhi" sort="Wang, Wenzhi" uniqKey="Wang W" first="Wenzhi" last="Wang">Wenzhi Wang</name><name sortKey="Westerman, Ronny" sort="Westerman, Ronny" uniqKey="Westerman R" first="Ronny" last="Westerman">Ronny Westerman</name><name sortKey="Wolfe, Charles" sort="Wolfe, Charles" uniqKey="Wolfe C" first="Charles" last="Wolfe">Charles Wolfe</name><name sortKey="Yu, Chuanhua" sort="Yu, Chuanhua" uniqKey="Yu C" first="Chuanhua" last="Yu">Chuanhua Yu</name></noCountry></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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